Using a Special Boot Mode
Working with the Safe Mode options Safe Mode is one of the oldest diagnostic features of Windows, and it’s still one that you find used quite often to locate problems. The idea behind Safe Mode is that the operating system boots with the minimal number of features in place that are necessary for the operating system to work.
Using standard Safe Mode
Standard Safe Mode is the most restrictive form: None of the non-essential device drivers, services, or applications load. In fact, you can’t even access the network. Your system becomes a standalone machine that really can’t do much except recover from whatever problem has affected it. you can use this mode for the following tasks:
✦ Restore a backup.
✦ Perform a backup.
✦ Modify the registry.
✦ Uninstall an errant application, device driver, or service.
✦ Perform GUI-based diagnostics.
Using Safe Mode with Networking
The Safe Mode with Networking option performs the normal Safe Mode setup and then adds any drivers, services, and applications required to create a network connection. The resulting network connection lets you access other machines. Windows also restores any device mappings for your system so that you have access to hard drives on other systems.
You can use this mode for the following tasks:
✦ Install an application, device driver, or service update using a file on a server.
✦ Connect to another machine to compare its setup with the local setup.
✦ Use a shared Internet connection to obtain updates online.
✦ Use a shared Internet connection to search for troubleshooting help,leave help messages on newsgroups, and search vendor Web sites for additional information.
✦ Troubleshoot a network connectivity problem in an environment free of other software.
✦ Make the troubled system available for collaborative troubleshooting.
Using Safe Mode with Command Prompt
The Safe Mode with Command Prompt option starts the system in Safe Mode but doesn’t start the graphical user interface (GUI). What you see instead is a command prompt where you can run utilities to determine the system status. You may not think that the command prompt has much to offer, but you can perform nearly any configuration task at the command prompt without GUI interference. In fact, Windows Server 2008 includes a new utility named Server Manager Cmd that makes it considerably easier to configure your server from the command prompt you can use this mode for the following tasks:
✦ Verify that the graphical components aren’t causing a system failure.
✦ Perform configuration tasks outside the GUI to determine whether the GUI is keeping them from completing normally.
✦ Use batch files or other character-based tools to troubleshoot your system faster than you can when using the GUI (this mode provides a significant performance boost).
The Safe Mode with Command Prompt option doesn’t start most of the GUI features that you may have used in the past. You can’t even use a mouse. Consequently, make sure you know how to perform tasks using just the keyboard. In addition, you don’t have access to the Start menu. If you start in this mode, you need to type Shutdown /s and press Enter. This command shuts off the system completely.
If you decide that you want to restart the computer instead, type Shutdown /r and press Enter.When working at the command prompt, use the pipe symbol (|) followed by the More command to display long screens of Help information. For example, if you want to see all the help information for the Shutdown command, you type Shutdown /? | More and press Enter. Windows displays the Help information one screen at a time.
Using the last known good configuration
Many errors occur due to a configuration change. For example, you might install a new device driver and find that the system suddenly doesn’t boot because of it. A new application can cause the system to fail as well. Any change that affects the boot sequence can cause problems that seem impossible to fix. The Last Known Good Configuration (Advanced) option lets you use the configuration from the last time that Windows booted successfully without using any of the special options. Think of it as an undo feature — you can reverse the effects of a single bad decision, configuration change, or installation.
Using Directory Services Restore mode
Active Directory is a special kind of hierarchical database that stores system settings, computer information, user information, application configuration, and a wealth of other information and statistics about your network. When this database becomes corrupted, it can prevent your server from booting because Windows can’t find the settingsit needs. Choosing the Directory Services Restore Mode option tells Windows to attempt to fix Active Directory — at least enough to let you boot the server. After you boot the server, you can restore any backup you have to fix the Problem completely.
You find Active Directory used only on domain controllers If your server isn’t a domain controller, it doesn’t have Active Directory installed and you should never use this option with it. When you use the Directory Services Restore Mode option, Windows performs the following tasks:
1. The server begins booting as if you had selected a Safe Mode option.
2. The server then performs a check of the hard drives on your system.This check looks for any problems with the hard drive that could have caused the Active Directory corruption (using the ChkDsk utility).
3. After a few more configuration tasks take place, you see a normal login screen. Supply your credentials and you see a Safe Mode screen — not the normal GUI.
4. Use any Active Directory GUI or command line tool to make repairs to Active Directory. You can also restore any backup you made (assuming the backup is available in Safe Mode).
5. After you finish the repairs, type Shutdown /r and press Enter at the command prompt or choose Start➪Shutdown.
6. When you’re working at the command line, Windows displays a You Are About to be Logged Off dialog box. After about a minute, the server reboots. When working with the GUI shutdown, you see the normal Shut Down Windows dialog box, where you can choose any of the standard
shutdown options. You can use Windows Server 2008 in its normal mode at this point and continue any repairs you need to make to Active Directory.
Working with the Safe Mode options Safe Mode is one of the oldest diagnostic features of Windows, and it’s still one that you find used quite often to locate problems. The idea behind Safe Mode is that the operating system boots with the minimal number of features in place that are necessary for the operating system to work.
Using standard Safe Mode
Standard Safe Mode is the most restrictive form: None of the non-essential device drivers, services, or applications load. In fact, you can’t even access the network. Your system becomes a standalone machine that really can’t do much except recover from whatever problem has affected it. you can use this mode for the following tasks:
✦ Restore a backup.
✦ Perform a backup.
✦ Modify the registry.
✦ Uninstall an errant application, device driver, or service.
✦ Perform GUI-based diagnostics.
Using Safe Mode with Networking
The Safe Mode with Networking option performs the normal Safe Mode setup and then adds any drivers, services, and applications required to create a network connection. The resulting network connection lets you access other machines. Windows also restores any device mappings for your system so that you have access to hard drives on other systems.
You can use this mode for the following tasks:
✦ Install an application, device driver, or service update using a file on a server.
✦ Connect to another machine to compare its setup with the local setup.
✦ Use a shared Internet connection to obtain updates online.
✦ Use a shared Internet connection to search for troubleshooting help,leave help messages on newsgroups, and search vendor Web sites for additional information.
✦ Troubleshoot a network connectivity problem in an environment free of other software.
✦ Make the troubled system available for collaborative troubleshooting.
Using Safe Mode with Command Prompt
The Safe Mode with Command Prompt option starts the system in Safe Mode but doesn’t start the graphical user interface (GUI). What you see instead is a command prompt where you can run utilities to determine the system status. You may not think that the command prompt has much to offer, but you can perform nearly any configuration task at the command prompt without GUI interference. In fact, Windows Server 2008 includes a new utility named Server Manager Cmd that makes it considerably easier to configure your server from the command prompt you can use this mode for the following tasks:
✦ Verify that the graphical components aren’t causing a system failure.
✦ Perform configuration tasks outside the GUI to determine whether the GUI is keeping them from completing normally.
✦ Use batch files or other character-based tools to troubleshoot your system faster than you can when using the GUI (this mode provides a significant performance boost).
The Safe Mode with Command Prompt option doesn’t start most of the GUI features that you may have used in the past. You can’t even use a mouse. Consequently, make sure you know how to perform tasks using just the keyboard. In addition, you don’t have access to the Start menu. If you start in this mode, you need to type Shutdown /s and press Enter. This command shuts off the system completely.
If you decide that you want to restart the computer instead, type Shutdown /r and press Enter.When working at the command prompt, use the pipe symbol (|) followed by the More command to display long screens of Help information. For example, if you want to see all the help information for the Shutdown command, you type Shutdown /? | More and press Enter. Windows displays the Help information one screen at a time.
Using the last known good configuration
Many errors occur due to a configuration change. For example, you might install a new device driver and find that the system suddenly doesn’t boot because of it. A new application can cause the system to fail as well. Any change that affects the boot sequence can cause problems that seem impossible to fix. The Last Known Good Configuration (Advanced) option lets you use the configuration from the last time that Windows booted successfully without using any of the special options. Think of it as an undo feature — you can reverse the effects of a single bad decision, configuration change, or installation.
Using Directory Services Restore mode
Active Directory is a special kind of hierarchical database that stores system settings, computer information, user information, application configuration, and a wealth of other information and statistics about your network. When this database becomes corrupted, it can prevent your server from booting because Windows can’t find the settingsit needs. Choosing the Directory Services Restore Mode option tells Windows to attempt to fix Active Directory — at least enough to let you boot the server. After you boot the server, you can restore any backup you have to fix the Problem completely.
You find Active Directory used only on domain controllers If your server isn’t a domain controller, it doesn’t have Active Directory installed and you should never use this option with it. When you use the Directory Services Restore Mode option, Windows performs the following tasks:
1. The server begins booting as if you had selected a Safe Mode option.
2. The server then performs a check of the hard drives on your system.This check looks for any problems with the hard drive that could have caused the Active Directory corruption (using the ChkDsk utility).
3. After a few more configuration tasks take place, you see a normal login screen. Supply your credentials and you see a Safe Mode screen — not the normal GUI.
4. Use any Active Directory GUI or command line tool to make repairs to Active Directory. You can also restore any backup you made (assuming the backup is available in Safe Mode).
5. After you finish the repairs, type Shutdown /r and press Enter at the command prompt or choose Start➪Shutdown.
6. When you’re working at the command line, Windows displays a You Are About to be Logged Off dialog box. After about a minute, the server reboots. When working with the GUI shutdown, you see the normal Shut Down Windows dialog box, where you can choose any of the standard
shutdown options. You can use Windows Server 2008 in its normal mode at this point and continue any repairs you need to make to Active Directory.
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